With the increased Digital Technology at the palm of just anybody; there are a lot of information that distort whether deliberately or not highlighting the need of robust Fact-checking as Asha D. Abinallah explains

My most favourite definition of “Fact-checking” is the process of attempting to verify or disprove assertions made in speech, print media or online content. The practice is essential for integrity in any area where claims are made, including government, journalism and business, as explained by Tech Target.

It is my favourite definition because it stresses on three related components that are key to excavating the truth. There first needs to be an availability of an assertion worthy and needs scrutiny, the second is the need to verify so as to lead to the third end target which is to observe the integrity of a publisher. As straightforward and simple the statements seems to be, what is sometimes taken for granted is knowing what information is worth exploring, what is to be ignored and most importantly — knowing the related or associated information which needs to be cross referenced.

How information for “Fact-Checking” looks like

There is an abundance of Information and news out there especially on the internet. With the increased Digital Technology at the palm of just anybody; there are a lot of information that distort, whether deliberately or not. First Draft news have identified and neatly devised a diagram that show-cases the types of Information Disorder

There are attributes that are commonly found and identified in information/news worthy of being verified. The following is how information for fact-checking looks like:-

  • Individual facts about names, statistics (such as age, dates etc), specific attributes are missing.
    • Errors of omissions whether deliberate or not, affiliations and illustrations.
    • Some ingredients of truths in it but with a lot of un-collaborating parts.
    • One sided or single sourcing information
    • Sensitive information with no back-up evidence
    • Bulk information and raw data
    • Errors of omission, usually intended to pull of misinformation.
    • Opinion pieces, normally sharing a point of view from a single angle/perspective.

The fundamentals of Fact-Checking

  • First understand the information you are working on. One needs to scrutinise if the information has all attributes (as listed above); which needs further verification.
    • Understanding the information assists in determining the type of effort to apply. If at all it’s desktop research based, the sources to reach out to, the information to access and the next step towards validation.
    • It is important to have the right resources working on validating the news and information. For instance the Human resources might have different strengths depending on the type of information that needs verification.
    • Its recommended to be skeptical, when something looks, sounds or seems to be too good to be true.

Necessary Skills needed for Fact-checking

  • Desktop review
    • Data Mining and Data as a tool
    • Social Media Content Analysis
    • Application of Verifications tools such as Who is, Way back, Google Maps, Google Reverse image search, Tineye, InVid, etc
    • Timeline comparisons

While fact-checking is more popular at present, it has always been part of any credible and reputable establishment for years. This is a necessary culture within a news agency and most valuable when practitioners have very high discipline applied to their work. With the growth of Technology where information and news spreads at an alarming rate, the need has become a necessity and the faster the verification the more in minimising the damage.



About the Author


Author ProfileAsha D. Abinallah
Asha D. Abinallah - MC Founder & CEO, is an expert with more than 10 years working at the intersection of Information, Innovation, Technology and Digital Practices in New Media with local and International partners and stakeholders. She is also currently working in partnership with DW Akademie on the Women At Web Project.

Similar articles



Millennials And Gen Z Media Consumption Study Launched

Report by Aga Khan University’s Media Innovation Centre analyses the country’s millennials and digital natives’ media consumption habits.


Why legal education for journalists is a key tenet to attaining media viability in Tanzania

For the media to flourish, and the society to have free flow of accurate and verifiable information, journalists, the drivers in the passing of information are expected to be well grounded in laws and the legal aspect pertaining to the job, writes Alfred Ganzo.


Why pitching is important for startups

Pitching provides numerous opportunities for your new or existing business ideas to be discovered and realized; and as Simon Mtabazi writes,  some startups have become billion-dollar companies due to efffevie pitches


Marketing for Media Startup – why it matters

The success you achieve with your media startup business will heavily rely on your reputation as a trustworthy company, and as Nandi Mwiyombella writes, it will also open a new window for customers and potential investors.


EAST Festival 2022: Building an informed and thriving community through journalism

That’s why I think today is such a great space for us to sit back and reflect on the questions that could help us shape the kind of journalism that we want to see in our local and global community.


Media Innovation Centre launches report on media innovation and media viability in East Africa

The report specifically analysed eight major variables which include: newsroom structure and resources, media ownership and business models, organisational capacity, innovation culture, journalism culture, financial trends and results, content quality and COVID-19.


Maureen Mudi’s quest to make media a better space for journalists

Mudi, in her role as Media Council of Kenya regional coordinator in charge of Mombasa(covering the entire coastal region), has found herself at the forefront in advocating and fighting to protect journalists’ rights, culminating in her being awarded for her peace efforts in the run-up and during the 2022 general elections in Kenya.


Journalists’ experiences covering Kenya’s 2022 general elections

The 2022 general elections have been mentally draining for journalists, some of whom have had to stay on the campaign trail for over a year. Others have had to toy with the tough call of managing teams in the newsroom. East Site’s Isaac Swila and political writer Rawlings Otieno recount their experiences


How social media influencers shaped Kenya’s 2022 General Election

What role did social media influencers play in the election? What voice did they give in political discourses during and around the election period? And to what extent did political candidates involve the influencers in marketing their manifestos to sway votes in their favour? East Site writer Steven Omondi unpacks the details


Why audience research is crucial for Media Viability

The media industry is experiencing enormous transformation as new digital trends emerge. With the vast opportunities that the digital space offers, media owners and content producers must deliberately adapt to how the audience consumes content.


Social Media: Where should journalists draw the line?

Is there a danger in media personalities having a vibrant social media presence? Assuming they have a massive media following, should they self-regulate and filter what they post? And when they engage with followers, should their opinions be taken as personal, or does it represent the journalist’s media house? East Site writer Isaac Swila explores


The pursuit of gender-inclusive reporting in East Africa

Media stakeholders are raising concerns over the lack of gender-inclusive reporting in East African newsrooms. They want concerted efforts to ensure more female journalists get equal opportunities like their male counterparts.


Media Innovation Centre partners with Mozilla to launch Pocket

The partnership will also ensure that local content is curated and distributed to better optimize the product and meet the needs of Kenyan online users.


How media outlets can safely handle user-generated content

The news industry is constantly changing, and in the last few years, User Generated Content (UGC) has become a ubiquitous feature in news sourcing and packaging. However, media houses and journalists need to establish verification and credibility safeguards to avoid the misinformation trap.


Six tips journalists need to know when covering elections

Reporting on elections is, for many journalists, an opportunity to establish themselves as reliable political reporters. But the task comes with certain risks, particularly in the East African sub-region.

Stakeholders are now calling for concerted efforts, better planning and preparations for journalists before they are sent out on the field to cover Kenya’s high-stakes August 9 General Elections.


The perils of political reporting in East Africa

East Africa’s media grapples with a myriad of challenges whenever general elections approach. Not only do editors struggle with balancing the competing political interests, at times at the altar of professionalism, but individual journalists pay dearly, many suffering attacks in the course of their duties.


Enact policies that guarantee education for all

As Form One students settle into a new life in secondary school, this has also been a period of reflection. We have read tear-jerking and heart-warming stories of determined students who overcame many odds to get an education and how well-wishers came together in their aid.


Optimism in Tanzania’s media industry after a dark period

There is renewed optimism in the Tanzanian media space following the ascension to power of President Samia Suluhu whose regime is keen to relax some of the laws deemed punitive to journalists and media houses


RSF 2022 Press Freedom Index: A mixed bag for East Africa

Uganda fell behind, whereas Kenya improved its press freedom ranking in the Reporters Without Borders 2022 Press Freedom Index. And after years of media freedom decline, Tanzania appears to be on the right track. But overall, media freedom activists say there is still work to be done.


Good journalism does not come cheap

A free and independent press is the cornerstone of any democracy and the foundation of economic success, mostly because through our free press, we’re able to hold the leadership to account.


Opinion: Rethinking media houses revenue streams in the Digital era

To align with the changing times and stay relevant in the business, media houses are challenged to rethink their strategy and to adopt and understand obstacles and challenges they face towards rethinking and exploring alternative sources of revenue and on developing the digital strategy.


Hamasa Media Group: Tanzanian innovators with a solution to organisation management

A team of young, Tanzanian tech-savvy communication professionals is dreaming big. It seeks to usher a new dawn in media business management in Tanzania by optimising employee output and offering consultancy to media businesses on how they can operate with a minimal budget but still attain their goals.


The legal challenges facing East Africa’s bloggers and influencers 

Bloggers and influencers have become an integral component of information sourcing across East Africa. The public uses blogs, privately run websites and social networks to crowdsource information from social networks, which they then publish and distribute. But it’s not all rosy for this group of content makers.


Afyatoon: How two medics are transforming lives through story-telling

The chances of meeting a medical graduate practising journalism are usually very slim, especially in Sub-Saharan Africa. But two Tanzanian physicians have broken away from that norm by inventing a start-up called Afyatoon. It uses visual art technology to tell compelling medical stories. They narrate to the EAST Site their experience and share their vision for the future.


Five astounding findings from the MCK state of Kenya’s Media Survey

Did you know that in 2021 Kenyans watched less TV and spent more time on social media? Or that some Kenyans rely on family, friends, or even social media icons and bloggers as a source of news and information? These are some of the conclusions highlighted in the 2021 State of the Media Survey conducted by the Media Council of Kenya (MCK).


Uganda’s media strives to reinvent itself post Covid-19

The effects of the Covid pandemic continue to change the world in ways we had not imagined possible. The media is going through a painful transformation to keep up with changing production, distribution and consumption habits. In East Africa, Uganda’s Media Challenge Initiative (MCI) recently hosted a panel discussion on Media Viability comprising experienced journalists from Television, Radio, Print and Online/Digital media to address lessons learned from the pandemic. East Site’s Moses Mutente attended the panel and compiled this article.


Opinion: Africa must revamp journalism education to include media ownership

In this commentary, Uganda-based journalist Caleb Okereke shares deep personal insights into why media schools in East Africa must rethink their curriculum. He stresses the need for trainers to begin teaching media ownership to better equip journalism students for the dynamic and cutthroat job market by taking us through his journey as a journalism student and media owner.


Dwindling trust in media raises concerns ahead of Kenya’s General Election

For the second year running, a survey commissioned by the Media Council of Kenya shows that the trust level in Kenyan media has nosedived, raising fundamental questions on how media will play its watchdog role more so with landmark elections set for August 9. EAST Site writer Isaac Swila explores.


Opinion: Media needs credibility to survive the pandemic and digital transformation

Legacy media is currently caught between a rock and a hard place — the Covid pandemic and the rise and proliferation of social media has hit revenues hard. Some say this could signal the end of news as we used to know it. However, Ugandan decorated journalist Ernest Bazanye believes the industry will survive and thrive, but not without a fight.